A scaphoid fracture refers to a break in the scaphoid bone—a small, boat-shaped bone near the base of the thumb. Though tiny, this bone plays a major role in wrist movement and stability. Most scaphoid fractures occur when someone falls on an outstretched hand, causing stress on the wrist and breaking the bone without much visible injury. That’s why this type of fracture is often mistaken for a mild sprain.
Signs and Symptoms
The symptoms are subtle but important to notice. Pain is usually felt at the base of the thumb, especially while gripping or pinching objects. Swelling or tenderness may be present near the wrist. Movement of the wrist may feel limited or painful, even if the wrist appears normal from the outside.
Why it’s Serious
Despite its small size, a scaphoid fracture is serious due to its limited blood supply. This makes healing difficult. If left untreated, the bone may fail to heal (a condition called nonunion), or worse, parts of the bone may die due to lack of blood flow (avascular necrosis). These complications can lead to permanent stiffness, pain, or arthritis in the wrist.
Treatment Options
The treatment depends on the fracture’s location and severity. Minor fractures that remain aligned are often treated with a cast—usually a thumb spica cast—for 6 to 12 weeks. The cast keeps the wrist and thumb immobilized to promote healing.
If the fracture is displaced or healing poorly, surgery may be needed. A surgeon may insert a screw to hold the broken pieces together. In such cases, a shorter period in a cast may follow the operation. Physical therapy after cast removal helps regain wrist strength and flexibility.
Healing Time and Recovery
Recovery time ranges from 6 to 12 weeks but may extend for more severe fractures. Healing depends on the fracture’s location, the method of treatment, and blood supply to the bone. Smoking, poor nutrition, or ignoring rest may slow down recovery.
Early diagnosis, proper immobilization, and timely treatment can prevent long-term problems and ensure the best outcome.
