Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition that causes stiffness and difficulty moving one or more fingers. It often results in a finger becoming locked in a bent position. The condition can affect any finger, including the thumb, and may cause discomfort or even a clicking sound when moving the affected finger.

Causes of Trigger Finger

Trigger finger occurs when the sheath that surrounds the tendon in the finger becomes irritated or inflamed. This sheath typically allows the tendon to glide smoothly, but when inflammation is present, the movement becomes restricted, leading to stiffness. Over time, prolonged inflammation can cause scarring or the development of small lumps in the tendon, further limiting mobility.

Trigger finger is often caused by repetitive finger movements, making it common in individuals who perform tasks like typing, playing musical instruments, or grasping objects repeatedly. Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, can also increase the likelihood of developing trigger finger. The condition is more common in women than men.

Home Remedies for Trigger Finger

Treatment for trigger finger usually begins with conservative measures. Rest is critical; avoiding activities that strain the affected finger can allow the tendon to heal. Splinting the finger for four to six weeks can also help by immobilizing it, giving the tendon time to recover. If inflammation persists, applying ice to the finger for 15 minutes three times a day can help reduce swelling. Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications may also provide relief.

Physical Therapy and Surgery

Physical therapy can be an effective treatment, focusing on increasing flexibility and strength in the hand. Gentle massage by a therapist may also help break down scar tissue and improve motion. In cases where conservative treatments fail, surgery may be necessary. A procedure called percutaneous release involves using a needle to loosen the tendon, allowing smoother finger movement. This surgery is typically performed on an outpatient basis, with minimal recovery time.

Surgery is only considered when other methods are unsuccessful. In most cases, trigger finger resolves with rest and physical therapy, allowing individuals to return to daily activities without pain or stiffness.