Aging impacts various body systems, with bone strength and joint mobility being significantly affected. Knee joints are particularly vulnerable, often leading to osteoarthritis, a condition that severely impacts daily life due to knee pain. When medical treatments no longer provide relief, and knee pain hinders daily activities, knee replacement surgery may be recommended to improve quality of life.
Orthopedic surgeons typically perform diagnostic scans and physical examinations to determine if knee replacement surgery is necessary. Surgery is considered for chronic conditions involving constant pain, daily medication use, and difficulty performing daily activities. The selection of appropriate artificial joints and surgical techniques is individualized based on factors such as age, weight, activity level, knee size and shape, and overall health.
During knee replacement surgery, damaged cartilage and bone are removed and replaced with high-grade plastic or metal alloys. Recovery involves a comprehensive rehabilitation process to help patients adjust to the new knee joint and resume an active lifestyle. Advances in medical technology allow patients to stand and walk with assistance shortly after surgery. Physical therapists play a crucial role in recovery, creating exercise regimens to strengthen muscles and enhance joint use. Most patients regain normal activity levels within 6-8 weeks, but full recovery can take six months to a year.
Although artificial knees function well, they have limitations. Activities like kneeling, jumping, running, and heavy labor may be challenging, and contact sports are generally not advisable. Risks include joint breakage and surrounding tissue damage. Some patients may experience pain, cramps, or stiffness during certain activities. Over-the-counter pain medications and ice packs can provide relief.
Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial to prevent undue stress on the knees, as excess weight can cause premature wear and tear or breakage of the artificial joint. Healthy weight management reduces stress on the knees.
Total knee replacement surgeries are highly successful for individuals over 60, allowing most to return to nearly normal joint function within a year. Regular exercise, maintaining an active lifestyle, healthy weight management, and routine health checks are vital for long-term success. While there are risks, the benefits and improved quality of life post-surgery outweigh the need for minor adjustments and cautiousness.
